Running head: CONCUSSION AND REPEATED HEAD TRAUMA 1

CONCUSSION AND REPEATED HEAD TRAUMA 3

CONCUSSION AND REPEATED HEAD TRAUMA

Class: PA 315

Instructor: Dr. Thomas G. McWeeney

Name: LINGYUN FENG

Date: 02/10/2018 CONCUSSION AND REPEATED HEAD TRAUMA

The story is about injuries caused by concussion and repeated head trauma in football and other sports which affects the retired and also young players (Gavett, Stern, & McKee, 2011). The research which is based on true story, states that Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE) is the major cause of NFL players having high rates of early onset dementia. The NFL league tried to developed pseudo – science disputing the findings and even launched a campaign to discredit the researcher (Dr. Omalu), attacked him and his research but a small group believed in his work and came to his rescue by supporting him and his findings. The ethical moment displays itself on the story when finally the truth won out when one retired NFL player after another died of early dementia which makes the story to be accurately reasonable. The findings are actually consistent with what occurred (Guskiewicz, Marshall, Bailes, McCrea, Cantu, Randolph, & Jordan, 2005).

Through the story, students are taken through the trouble of injuries caused by concussion and repeated head trauma in football alongside other sports. The lesson they learn is the technique of traumatic brain injury from blows to the head which portrays that even the richest and most able corporations cannot usually hide the truth from the people (Guskiewicz, Marshall, Bailes, McCrea, Cantu, Randolph, & Jordan, 2005). However, in the story, only description of the method of traumatic brain injury is accurate the suffering of the victims and their families are not told. In the story, the seriousness of CTE among retired NFL players is not exaggerated as actual data of NFL shows that one-third of all its players were likely to catch football-related dementia at young ages than the whole population (Gavett, Stern, & McKee, 2011). The publication of the story forced NFL to act. Besides the entire story, it is not yet scientifically proven that CTE is caused by concussion or repeated traumatic head injury. There only exist evidence that traumatic head injury is a contributing factor in the remarkable of data of one third retired NFL players will develop football related dementia during their early age relative to the rest of the population (Gavett, Stern, & McKee, 2011).

REFERENCES

Gavett, B. E., Stern, R. A., & McKee, A. C. (2011). Chronic traumatic encephalopathy: a potential late effect of sport-related concussive and subconcussive head trauma. Clinics in sports medicine, 30(1), 179-188.

Guskiewicz, K. M., Marshall, S. W., Bailes, J., McCrea, M., Cantu, R. C., Randolph, C., & Jordan, B. D. (2005). Association between recurrent concussion and late-life cognitive impairment in retired professional football players. Neurosurgery, 57(4), 719-726.