| Solution |
7/16/15 |
| Chapter: |
2 |
| Problem: |
15 |
| a. Using the financial statements shown below, calculate net operating working capital, total net operating capital, net operating profit after taxes, free cash flow, and return on invested capital for the most recent year. |
| Lan & Chen Technologies: Income Statements for Year Ending December 31 |
| (Thousands of Dollars) |
2016 |
2015 |
| Sales |
$945,000 |
$900,000 |
| Expenses excluding depreciation and amortization |
812,700 |
774,000 |
| EBITDA |
$132,300 |
$126,000 |
| Depreciation and amortization |
33,100 |
31,500 |
| EBIT |
$99,200 |
$94,500 |
| Interest Expense |
10,470 |
8,600 |
| EBT |
$88,730 |
$85,900 |
| Taxes (40%) |
35,492 |
34,360 |
| Net income |
$53,238 |
$51,540 |
| Common dividends |
$43,300 |
$41,230 |
| Addition to retained earnings |
$9,938 |
$10,310 |
| Lan & Chen Technologies: December 31 Balance Sheets |
| (Thousands of Dollars) |
| Assets |
2016 |
2015 |
| Cash and cash equivalents |
$47,250 |
$45,000 |
| Short-term investments |
3,800 |
3,600 |
| Accounts Receivable |
283,500 |
270,000 |
| Inventories |
141,750 |
135,000 |
| Total current assets |
$476,300 |
$453,600 |
| Net fixed assets |
330,750 |
315,000 |
| Total assets |
$807,050 |
$768,600 |
| Liabilities and equity |
| Accounts payable |
$94,500 |
$90,000 |
| Accruals |
47,250 |
45,000 |
| Notes payable |
26,262 |
9,000 |
| Total current liabilities |
$168,012 |
$144,000 |
| Long-term debt |
94,500 |
90,000 |
| Total liabilities |
$262,512 |
$234,000 |
| Common stock |
444,600 |
444,600 |
| Retained Earnings |
99,938 |
90,000 |
| Total common equity |
$544,538 |
$534,600 |
| Total liabilities and equity |
$807,050 |
$768,600 |
| Key Input Data |
| Tax rate |
40% |
| Net operating working capital |
| 2016 |
NOWC = |
Operating current assets |
– |
Operating current liabilities |
| 2016 |
NOWC = |
Kenneth D. Jackson: Short-Term Investments are not part of current operating assets |
– |
|
Kenneth D. Jackson: Notes Payable are not part of current operating liabilities |
2016 |
NOWC = |
| 2015 |
NOWC = |
Operating current assets |
– |
Operating current liabilities |
| 2015 |
NOWC = |
– |
| 2015 |
NOWC = |
| Total net operating capital |
| 2016 |
TOC = |
NOWC |
+ |
Fixed assets |
| 2016 |
TOC = |
+ |
| 2016 |
TOC = |
| 2015 |
TOC = |
NOWC |
+ |
Fixed assets |
| 2015 |
TOC = |
+ |
| 2015 |
TOC = |
| Investment in total net operating capital |
| 2016 |
2015 |
| 2016 |
Inv. In TOC = |
TOC |
– |
TOC |
| 2016 |
Inv. In TOC = |
– |
| 2016 |
Inv. In TOC = |
| Net operating profit after taxes |
| 2016 |
NOPAT = |
EBIT |
x |
( 1 – T ) |
| 2016 |
NOPAT = |
x |
| 2016 |
NOPAT = |
| Free cash flow |
| 2016 |
FCF = |
NOPAT |
– |
Net investment in operating capital |
| 2016 |
FCF = |
– |
|
Michael C. Ehrhardt: Change in total net operating capital (TOC) from the previous year to the current year. |
2016 |
FCF = |
| Return on invested capital |
| 2016 |
ROIC = |
NOPAT |
/ |
Total net operating capital |
| 2016 |
ROIC = |
/ |
| 2016 |
ROIC = |
| b. Assume that there were 15 million shares outstanding at the end of the year, the year-end closing stock price was $65 per share, and the after-tax cost of capital was 8%. Calculate EVA and MVA for the most recent year. |
| Additional Input Data |
| Stock price per share |
$65.00 |
| # of shares (in thousands) |
15,000 |
| After-tax cost of capital |
8.0% |
| Market Value Added |
| MVA = |
Stock price |
x |
# of shares |
– |
Total common equity |
| MVA = |
x |
– |
| MVA = |
– |
| MVA = |
| Economic Value Added |
| EVA = |
NOPAT |
– |
(Operating Capital |
x |
After-tax cost of capital) |
| EVA = |
– |
x |
| EVA = |
– |
| EVA = |
